Kaufui Vincent Wong is a Professor of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at the University of Miami (UM), Florida, where he has taught and researched since 1979. His primary research areas are in energy and the environment, fluid mechanics, nanotechnology, nutrition and health. He has published over 200 refereed papers in journals and conferences. He authored 2 text-books on Thermodynamics, one on Intermediate Heat Transfer, one on Climate Change and one on Sustainable Engineering. He holds two patents. He has received awards for teaching and mentoring students. He has served on the UM Graduate Council for 3 terms, and elected Faculty Senator for one. He is active in the American Society for Mechanical Engineers (ASME), and have held many leadership positions, including Chair of the Advanced Energy Systems Division, and Deputy Group Leader of the Energy Group. He is the 2015 ASME Dixy Lee Ray Award recipient for the environment. He is a popular invited Keynote Speaker in international conferences and symposiums. He is serving as the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Renewable Bioresources, the Journal of Modern Mechanical Engineering and Technology, and the Journal Advanced Sustainable Engineering. He is on the Editorial Board of the Journal of Surface Modeling and Additive Manufacturing, the Journal of Ecology and Environment Sciences, the Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Reviews

This work is a careful listing of the significant practices which are good for the body, practices which are especially good for the brain, as well as food and nutrition which are especially good for the brain. The objective of this study is to help researchers to promote brain health among the public. It is suspected that several of the practices may not be commonly known. The generation of discussion is healthy in the field of science, and this is a secondary function of this publication. Any omissions of significant actions which can be easily adopted by anyone are regretted. This mini review also produced a listing of commonly available brain- healthy foods. Regular, appropriate exercise that employs all the body’s muscles is advanced as one of the two significant pillars of physical health. In other words, everyone should move daily and try to avoid being too sedentary. The second pillar for one’s health is a balanced and nutritious diet, which would lead to an appropriate weight range and good mental health. Good practices for the brain are highlighted, hich makes use of the fact that the brain generates new cells periodically, but just as often dies, if not employed to form new neural networks when the person learns new activities. In other words, ‘use it or lose it’ applies to neurons as well as muscles

Gholamreza Heydari completed his MD in 1996, and has done MPH and PhD degrees on Epidemiology from Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. He is currently the Director of Tobacco Prevention and Control Research Center and WHO Collaborating Center on Tobacco Control in Eastern Mediterranean region and also the Chairman and Editor-in- Chief of many tobacco control journals of Iran. He is conducting several studies on tobacco control and smoking cessation in Iran. He has more than 40 papers on this topic internationally. He has attended many training courses such as Classical Method in Data Analysis, Erasmus Medical University, Netherlands, December 2001; Tobacco Free Initiative for Clinicians, St George’s Hospital, London, England, July 2002 and Smoking Cessation, European Respiratory Society School, Bucharest, Romania, December 2004. 

Many of opium abusers are tobacco smokers, though they would like to quit smoking but unfortunately only a small number of them can benefit from assistance in this respect. Thus, authorities in different countries are responsible for providing low-cost and cost-effective interventions and quit programs to help smokers stop smoking. Nicotine addiction is rarely regarded with the same urgency as drug narcotics abuse in the scope of public health. The aim of this study was to evaluate effect of merging smoking cessation with drug abuse treatment nationally. This was a cross sectional study of educating 3 sessions quit smoking intervention with clinical behavioral therapy CBT and medication in 24 drug abuse treatment center in 6 districts of Iran in 2016. More than 2000 clients were involved with mean age of 41 and 89% male. 78% of them were satisfied with this new treatment and after 6 months, 23% had quit smoking, smoking less than half amount at first was seen in 46% and 31% were yet a smoker. In conclusion, smoking cessation intervention with CBT and medication can have a significant impact on the general health of drug abusers.

Esmeralda Thoma is a Clinical Toxicologist and Addictologist. He has completed his Doctoral studies in 2015 and Specialization in 2010 from University of Medicine of Tirana. He is a Professor at the Faculty of Technical Medical Studies/University of Medicine in Tirana since 2005 and has published several articles in journals and has participated in several conferences.

Introduction: Alcohol abuse used to be a common phenomenon mainly among male in Albania. Women usually can be classified as social drinkers.

 

Aim: The aim of this study is to highlight common co-morbidity of alcohol abuse in Albania.

 

Materials & Methods: This is a retrospective study that was conducted at the Clinic of Toxicology and Addictology at Mother Teresa University Hospital during January 2012-june 2013. In this study, 330 patients were included. The diagnosis of alcoholism was based on lab exams and anamnesis.

 

Results: Out of 330 patients 98% were male. 174 of these patients had at least one other diagnosis except alcoholism, from which 107 had dual diagnosis. We have observed statistically significant positive correlation between the time and the amount of alcohol abuse and the number of comorbid diagnosis, respectively (rho=0.2 95% CI 0.05-0.26 p<0.01 and rho=0.2 95% CI 0.079-0.382 p<0.01). In 58.2% of patients with comorbidity, alcohol abuse was considered the main factor responsible for the comorbid diagnosis i.e., alcoholic hepatitis, alcoholic pancreatitis, alcoholic liver cirrhosis, psychiatric diseases, except schizophrenia and post traumatic disorder. Sixty-six patients had a dual diagnosis, alcohol abuse and psychiatric disorder. From these, the most prevalent was anxiety disorder in 45.5% of patients. Forty-five patients had alcoholic hepatitis, 40.4% of patients had Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and equally 40.4% had polyneuropathy.

 

Conclusions: As it is known that long term alcohol abuse virtually causes different organ injury, it is important that all alcohol abuse patients must be carefully evaluated for co-morbidity. 

Muhammad Akbar Malik was trained in General Pediatrics in Pakistan and then was trained in Frenchay Hospital Bristal, UK. He established Pediatric Neurology department and worked for five years in Lahore Children Hospital.

Background & Purpose: Evaluating medical coma in systemic cancer patients is inherently complex, neurologic consultation supported with the standard emergent bed-side electroencephalogram (EEG) can be useful. Recommendations for EEG monitoring in the Neurointensive Care Units (NCUs) are lacking. We sought to determine, usefulness of emergent standard bedside EEG features among cancer patients with unexplained coma (GCS≤8).

 

Materials & Methods: We conducted a prospective EEG assessment of 200 systemic cancer patients consecutively diagnosed and admitted in neurointensive care units (NCUs) of the tertiary care cancer hospitals with unexplained acute impaired consciousness (GCS≤08). Bed-side EEG recordings were done according to the clinical scenario and the requirements of the treating neurologist/intensivist. Patients with brain tumor, brain metastasis, seizures or those with known cause of coma were excluded. Data surrounding clinical, electrographic and treatment factors were collected via a prospective systematic review of medical records and electronic EEGs for correlation with diagnosis, change in the diagnosis and management. Results: Over a period of two years (from January 2014 to December 2016), a total of 200 systemic cancer patients with an average age of 36 years with acute deterioration of conscious level (GCS≤08) were identified. Of the total, males were 120 (60%), and overall 40 (20%) of these patients were of ≤16 years. At least one bed-side EEG of ≥30 minutes was monitored on each of these patients, which was abnormal in 100% of the records. The main reasons for EEG requests were: 1) Unexplained impaired consciousness/not gaining consciousness 130 (65%) and, 2) One plus convulsions 70 (35%). The EEG records were abnormal in 100% of these comatose patients. The EEG findings in clinical category 1 were: i) Encephalopathy 90 (69.2%), among these 90 patients 26 (23%) patients had encephalopathy with epileptiform discharges, ii) Continuous spike-wave discharges (NCSE) 14 (10.8%), iii) Burst-suppression pattern 12 (9.3%), iv) Electrocerebral inactivity pattern 8 (6.2%), v) Theta coma 4 (3%) vii) alpha coma 2 (1.5). The EEG findings in clinical category 2 were: i) Encephalopathy 54 (77%), among these 54 patients 17 (24%) patients had encephalopathy with epileptiform discharges, ii) Continuous spike-wave discharges (NCSE) 6 (8.6%), iii) Burst-suppression pattern 6 (8.6%), iv) No electrocerebral inactivity pattern, v) Theta coma 2 (2.9%) and vi) Alpha coma 2 (2.9%).

 

Conclusion: Bed-side EEG record of ≥30 minutes is useful in general cancer patients admitted in NCU with acutely impaired consciousness with or without abnormal body movements. Neurology consultation and EEG studies in these comatose patients provide useful diagnostic and therapeutic information.

Eltoum Etdal has completed her RN, BSN, MSN at the age of 40 years from University of Khartoum Faculty of Medicine School of Nursing and she joined Kingdom

of Saudi Arabia-Riyadh King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center since 1992 up to date as register nurse RN. She is the Psychiatry Nurse Coordinator of

Mental Health Department. She has published continuum of care of clonazepam misuse prescription mental health psychiatry out patient at King Faisal Hospital

& Research Centre.

Background: Mild schizophrenia patient with nicotine addiction may have benefit from alternative therapy such as cognitive behavioral therapy added to nicotine replacement therapy compared to other substance abuse, but patient with severe schizophrenia a token economic therapy is best chose. Smoking cessation in Schizophrenia population, its harmful effects on health, finances, role of mental health care providers and better available options for treatment as are in general population.

 

Objective: To decrease risk of cardiovascular and pulmonary compaction and early death bu using the method of Clinical observation with the schizophrenic patients and nicotine addiction.

 

Result: Patients referred to psychotherapy in addition to nicotine replacement for the better outcome. In agreement with literature mild schizophrenia get benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy than sever schizophrenic patients.

Vahid Farnia is the Head of Substance Abuse Prevention Research Centre at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. He has studied Medicine from the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, and obtained his Medical degree in 2000. He studied Psychiatry at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences, and obtained his National Psychiatry Board Certification in 2008. He has undertaken more than 20 projects concerning drug abuse and drug induced psychiatric disorders. He is the author of several published papers in accredited journals, and the author of the chapter entitled: Amphetamine psychosis in "Neuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misuse" published by Elsevier.

Amphetamine and methamphetamine are the principal members of amphetamine-type stimulants. Amphetamine usually prescribed for treatment of several mental disorders including attention deficit hyperactive disorder and narcolepsy. Illegal use of methamphetamine is a global and growing phenomenon and in recent years, there has been a significant increase in the production and use of methamphetamine worldwide. According to the World Drug Report, the amount of methamphetamine seized was increased from 34 tons in 2009 to 88 tons in 2013. In addition to the  rowing market for methamphetamine in Asia, there are also reports which show increasing use in some parts of the North America and Europe. Amphetamine-related psychiatric disorders are a group including several mental disorders which are induced by amphetamine use. Although the relationship between amphetamines use and development of psychiatric disorders are well established from several years ago, the data related to the prevalence, clinical features and treatment of these disorders are very limited. Considering the highly addictive nature, and its ability to produce psychiatric disorders, methamphetamine abuse is a major public health concern in the current century. While the number of the patients with methamphetamine induced mental disorders as well as the patients with abuse and chronic dependence on methamphetamine is growing, more comprehensive understanding of clinical course and treatment of these disorders seems necessary for mental practitioners. In this presentation, the author will talk about their studies regarding several amphetamine-induced psychiatric disorders including methamphetamine induced psychosis, obsessive compulsive disorder, and sexual disorders.